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In support of this model, it has been found that when tested, adults with this type of background are more aggressive and domineering during discussions.
One of the issues identified in empirical research which should assists in the focus of developing criminal justice policies which will be effective is that studies have shown that a substantial percentage of victims consulted the health service at some stage while they were undergoing violence directed towards them. Such conclusions seem to suggest that additional resources should be invested at the level of the health services and in particular in training these workers to be able to spot the early stages of domestic violence and know how to deal with it. While there are always issues of confidentiality, if a health worker is trusted by someone being domestically abused, they may be able to use their influence to suggest some form of assistance, but obviously in order for them to be able to do this, they need appropriate training.
Another issue which has been highlighted in the research and which should have policy implications is that while domestic violence can affect people in all sectors of society, it is less likely in educated women who earn a high income. Whether this just applies to physical abuse or also to other types of abuse, for instance emotional is uncertain. It does however seem to suggest that criminal justice policy makers should put in place greater emphasis on assisting women in becoming better educated and paid.
All these factors contribute to the fact that in most cases of domestic violence, the victim feels some degree of dependence towards their abuser. This dependence can be emotional, economic, social, cultural, etc but the solution which suggests itself remains the same, to reduce this level of dependence by empowering the victim. Unfortunately, this is not a simple solution to implement and it should be anticipated that to begin with, the abuser, faced with the potential loss of their hold on power over the victim, may actually become more aggressive, especially where they are themselves emotionally insecure or under the influence of alcohol or drugs. For instance the Sun's name and shame campaign against perpetrators of domestic violence resulted in calls by women worried that they would face additional abuse from enraged partners.
In recent years, additional resources have been focused on the detection and solution of domestic violence within non-English background relationships. Women in these types of traditional relationships can often feel extremely helpless when faced with an abusive spouse. As it is often traditional for the bride to cut her ties with her family following the marriage and become part of her husband's family, this can often mean that she has no one to turn to if it transpires that her husband is abusive towards her.